Diagnostic criteria of HRSa
| Major Criteriab |
| Low GFR, as indicated by serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dl or 24-h creatinine clearance <40 ml/min |
| Absence of shock, ongoing bacterial infection, fluid losses, and current treatment with nephrotoxic drugs |
| No sustained improvement in renal function (decrease in serum creatinine to ≤1.5 mg/dl or increase in creatinine clearance to ≥40 ml/min) after diuretic withdrawal and expansion of plasma volume with 1.5 L of a plasma expander |
| Proteinuria <500 mg/d and no ultrasonographic evidence of obstructive uropathy or parenchymal renal disease |
| Additional Criteria |
| Urine volume <500 ml/d |
| Urine sodium <10 mEq/L |
| Urine osmolality greater than plasma osmolality |
| Urine red blood cells <50/high-power field |
| Serum sodium concentration <130 mEq/L |