Table 4.

Effect modification of the relationship between HDL cholesterol and risk of death by presence of coronary artery disease

eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m²) with or without Coronary Artery Disease	Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
	HDL-C≤25 mg/dl	HDL-C>25 to <34 mg/dl	HDL-C≥34 to ≤42 mg/dl	HDL-C>42 to <50 mg/dl	HDL-C≥50 mg/dl
≥15 to <30
Without	1.00	0.92 (0.83 to 1.02)	0.92 (0.83 to 1.02)	0.96 (0.86 to 1.07)	0.97 (0.87 to 1.09)
With	1.00	0.91 (0.85 to 0.97)	0.88 (0.82 to 0.93)	0.89 (0.83 to 0.96)	0.98 (0.91 to 1.05)
≥30 to <45
Without	1.00	0.84 (0.79 to 0.89)	0.82 (0.77 to 0.87)	0.81 (0.76 to 0.86)	0.85 (0.80 to 0.91)
With	1.00	0.90 (0.86 to 0.93)	0.87 (0.84 to 0.91)	0.85 (0.81 to 0.89)	0.89 (0.85 to 0.93)
≥45 to <60
Without	1.00	0.84 (0.80 to 0.88)	0.81 (0.77 to 0.84)	0.80 (0.77 to 0.84)	0.85 (0.81 to 0.89)
With	1.00	0.86 (0.83 to 0.89)	0.84 (0.81 to 0.87)	0.82 (0.79 to 0.85)	0.88 (0.85 to 0.92)
≥60 to <90
Without	1.00	0.84 (0.82 to 0.87)	0.80 (0.78 to 0.83)	0.81 (0.79 to 0.84)	0.88 (0.86 to 0.91)
With	1.00	0.89^a (0.87 to 0.92)	0.86^a (0.84 to 0.89)	0.87^a (0.84 to 0.89)	0.93^a (0.90 to 0.96)
≥90
Without	1.00	0.81 (0.78 to 0.85)	0.80 (0.77 to 0.83)	0.80 (0.77 to 0.84)	0.96 (0.92 to 1.00)
With	1.00	0.93^a (0.87 to 0.98)	0.92^a (0.87 to 0.98)	0.94^a (0.88 to 0.99)	1.08^a (1.02 to 1.14)

Models were adjusted for age, race, cancer, cerebrovascular accident, chronic lung disease, diabetes mellitus, dementia, hepatitis C, HIV, hypertension, body mass index, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, serum albumin, angiotensin–converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker use, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. Models were additionally adjusted for eGFR, dialysis, kidney transplant, and statin use as time varying. HDL-C, HDL cholesterol.
↵a Significant (<0.05) P value for interaction between HDL-C level and coronary artery disease status.