Baseline characteristics of HIV-uninfected women in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study stratified by urine α1-microglobulin category
| Characteristic | 1 (n=173) | 2 (n=57) | 3 (n=57) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range of α1m/cr (mg/g) | Below detectable | 1.3–7.5 | >7.5 | |
| Baseline age (yr) | 38 (32–43) | 42 (36–46) | 42 (38–48) | <0.001 |
| Race | ||||
| African American | 99 (57%) | 41 (72%) | 37 (65%) | 0.31 |
| Caucasian | 20 (12%) | 6 (11%) | 6 (11%) | |
| Other | 54 (31%) | 10 (18%) | 14 (25%) | |
| Cigarette smoking | ||||
| Current | 84 (49%) | 39 (68%) | 46 (81%) | <0.001 |
| Past | 49 (28%) | 7 (12%) | 6 (11%) | |
| Never | 40 (23%) | 11 (19%) | 5 (9%) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (6%) | 5 (9%) | 10 (18%) | 0.04 |
| Hypertension | 39 (23%) | 11 (19%) | 30 (53%) | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive use | 18 (10%) | 6 (11%) | 11 (19%) | 0.19 |
| Menopause | 20 (12%) | 6 (11%) | 14 (25%) | 0.03 |
| Hepatitis C | 23 (14%) | 16 (28%) | 23 (40%) | <0.001 |
| Current heroin use | 9 (5%) | 2 (4%) | 12 (21%) | <0.001 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 107 (89–131) | 104 (84–128) | 100 (84–132) | 0.71 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 52 (44–63) | 49 (41–61) | 48 (39–59) | 0.29 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 94 (71–141) | 107 (69–154) | 119 (87–156) | 0.08 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29 (24–35) | 30 (26–34) | 29 (25–32) | 0.67 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 92 (80–103) | 95 (83–107) | 94 (81–99) | 0.55 |
| Albuminuriaa | 15 (9%) | 6 (11%) | 12 (21%) | 0.04 |
| eGFRCys (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 106 (96–117) | 97 (87–112) | 97 (79–112) | <0.001 |
| eGFRCys<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 1 (2%) | 5 (9%) | 0 | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin (g/dl) | 4.1 (3.9–4.3) | 4.0 (3.8–4.2) | 4.0 (3.8–4.3) | 0.08 |
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or numbers (percentages). α1-Microglobulin is standardized to urine creatinine. Category 1 comprises all participants with undetectable urine α1-microglobulin.
↵a Defined as a positive urine dipstick result (≥1+) or urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio>30 mg/g.