Development and Validation of an Electronic Health Record–Based Chronic Kidney Disease Registry

Background and objectives Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing, and outcomes-related research from diverse health care settings is needed to target appropriate efforts and interventions. We developed an electronic health record (EHR)-based CKD registry at the Cleveland Clinic and validated comorbid conditions.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements Patients who had at least one face-to-face outpatient encounter with a Cleveland Clinic health care provider and (1) had two estimated GFR values <60 ml/min per 1.73 m² >90 days apart as of January 1, 2005 and/or (2) were patients with International Classification of Diseases-9 (ICD-9) diagnosis codes for kidney disease were included.

Results Our registry includes 57,276 patients (53,399 patients met estimated GFR criteria and 3877 patients met ICD-9 diagnosis code criteria) as of March 2010. Mean age was 69.5 ± 13.4 years, with 55% women and 12% African Americans. Medicare is the primary insurer for more than one half of the study cohort. The κ statistics to assess the extent of agreement between the administrative dataset extracted from the EHR and actual EHR chart review showed substantial agreement (>0.80) for all conditions except for coronary artery disease and hypertension, which had moderate agreement (<0.60).

Conclusions Development of an EHR-based CKD registry is feasible in a large health system, and the comorbid conditions included in the registry are reliable. In addition to conducting research studies, such a registry could help to improve the quality of care delivered to CKD patients and complement the ongoing nationwide efforts to develop a CKD surveillance project.