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Original ArticleChronic Kidney Disease
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Comparison of Aptamer-Based and Antibody-Based Assays for Protein Quantification in Chronic Kidney Disease

Carolina Lopez-Silva, Aditya Surapaneni, Josef Coresh, Jochen Reiser, Chirag R. Parikh, Wassim Obeid, Morgan E. Grams and Teresa K. Chen
CJASN March 2022, 17 (3) 350-360; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.11700921
Carolina Lopez-Silva
1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Aditya Surapaneni
2Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
3Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Josef Coresh
1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
2Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
3Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Jochen Reiser
4Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Chirag R. Parikh
1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
2Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
3Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Wassim Obeid
1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Morgan E. Grams
1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
2Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
3Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Teresa K. Chen
1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
2Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract

Background and objectives Novel aptamer-based technologies can identify >7000 analytes per sample, offering a high-throughput alternative to traditional immunoassays in biomarker discovery. However, the specificity for distinct proteins has not been thoroughly studied in the context of CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements We assessed the use of SOMAscan, an aptamer-based technology, for the quantification of eight immune activation biomarkers and cystatin C among 498 African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) participants using immunoassays as the gold standard. We evaluated correlations of serum proteins as measured by SOMAscan versus immunoassays with each other and with iothalamate-measured GFR. We then compared associations between proteins measurement with risks of incident kidney failure and all-cause mortality.

Results Six biomarkers (IL-8, soluble TNF receptor superfamily member 1B [TNFRSF1B], cystatin C, soluble TNF receptor superfamily member 1A [TNFRSF1A], IL-6, and soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor [suPAR]) had non-negligible correlations (r=0.94, 0.93, 0.89, 0.85, 0.46, and 0.23, respectively) between SOMAscan and immunoassay measurements, and three (IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) were uncorrelated (r=0.08, 0.07, and 0.02, respectively). Of the six biomarkers with non-negligible correlations, TNFRSF1B, cystatin C, TNFRSF1A, and suPAR were negatively correlated with measured GFR and associated with higher risk of kidney failure. IL-8, TNFRSF1B, cystatin C, TNFRSF1A, and suPAR were associated with a higher risk of mortality via both methods. On average, immunoassay measurements were more strongly associated with adverse outcomes than their SOMAscan counterparts.

Conclusions SOMAscan is an efficient and relatively reliable technique for quantifying IL-8, TNFRSF1B, cystatin C, and TNFRSF1A in CKD and detecting their potential associations with clinical outcomes.

Podcast This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2022_02_23_CJN11700921.mp3

  • AASK (African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension)
  • chronic kidney disease
  • end-stage renal disease
  • mortality
  • chronic inflammation
  • antibodies
  • biological assay
  • Received September 2, 2021.
  • Accepted January 14, 2022.
  • Copyright © 2022 by the American Society of Nephrology
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Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: 17 (3)
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Vol. 17, Issue 3
March 2022
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Comparison of Aptamer-Based and Antibody-Based Assays for Protein Quantification in Chronic Kidney Disease
Carolina Lopez-Silva, Aditya Surapaneni, Josef Coresh, Jochen Reiser, Chirag R. Parikh, Wassim Obeid, Morgan E. Grams, Teresa K. Chen
CJASN Mar 2022, 17 (3) 350-360; DOI: 10.2215/CJN.11700921

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Comparison of Aptamer-Based and Antibody-Based Assays for Protein Quantification in Chronic Kidney Disease
Carolina Lopez-Silva, Aditya Surapaneni, Josef Coresh, Jochen Reiser, Chirag R. Parikh, Wassim Obeid, Morgan E. Grams, Teresa K. Chen
CJASN Mar 2022, 17 (3) 350-360; DOI: 10.2215/CJN.11700921
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Original Article

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  • AASK (African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension)
  • chronic kidney disease
  • end-stage renal disease
  • mortality
  • chronic inflammation
  • antibodies
  • biological assay

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