Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Study flow diagram.
- Figure 2.
Percent transferrin saturation and ferritin concentrations increased in those randomized to ferric citrate but not those randomized to ferrous sulfate over 12 weeks. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) (A) and ferritin (B). Results shown as mean±SD. Asterisks denote statistically significant difference from the baseline value. The P values for the group×time interaction terms for TSAT and ferritin were 0.14 and <0.001, respectively.
Tables
Characteristic Ferric Citrate Ferrous Sulfate N 30 30 Age, yr 60±12 63±11 Men, n (%) 10 (33) 11 (37) Black race, n (%) 16 (53) 17 (57) Body mass index, kg/m2 37±8 36±9 Systolic BP, mm Hg 136±21 134±20 Diastolic BP, mm Hg 74±11 73±10 Comorbidities, n (%) Diabetes 16 (57) 18 (62) Hypertension 30 (100) 28 (93) Coronary artery disease 4 (15) 3 (10) Heart failure 3 (11) 6 (21) Stroke 3 (10) 3 (10) Dyslipidemia 15 (54) 19 (65) COPD 2 (6) 2 (6) Attributed cause of CKD, n (%) Diabetes 15 (50) 17 (57) Hypertension 5 (17) 4 (13) GN 2 (7) 1 (3) PKD 2 (7) 3 (10) Other 4 (13) 3 (10) Unknown 2 (7) 2 (7) Medication use, n (%) Aspirin 10 (33) 19 (63) Statin 17 (57) 22 (73) β-Blocker 20 (67) 19 (63) ACE inhibitor 10 (33) 7 (23) ARB 12 (40) 10 (34) Oral iron 7 (23) 6 (20) Laboratory values Phosphate, mg/dl 3.7±0.5 3.9±0.8 Calcium, mg/dl 9.3±0.4 9.3±0.7 eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 33±12 26±14 TSAT, % 18±6 19±6 Ferritin, ng/ml 90±70 100±59 Hemoglobin, g/dl 11.4±1.0 11.0±1.0 iFGF23, pg/ml 92 [65–120] 160 [97–241] cFGF23, RU/ml 179 [130–242] 278 [181–526] PTH, pg/ml 136±80 153±93 Values are depicted as proportions (n, %), mean (SD), or median [interquartile range]. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PKD, polycystic kidney disease; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; TSAT, transferrin saturation; iFGF23, intact fibroblast growth factor 23; cFGF23, C-terminal fibroblast growth factor 23; PTH, parathyroid hormone.
- Table 2.
Changes in iron parameters, hemoglobin, fibroblast growth factor 23, and hepcidin after 12 weeks of ferric citrate versus ferrous sulfate
Baseline Values, Mean (SD) 12-Wk Change from Baseline, Mean Estimate (95% CI) Variable Ferrous Sulfate Ferric Citrate Ferrous Sulfate Ferric Citrate Difference P Value Primary outcomes TSAT, % 21 (7) 19 (7) −1 (−3 to 2) 8 (1 to 14) 8 (1 to 15) 0.02 Ferritin, ng/ml 104 (63) 87 (61) 12 (−4 to 28) 49 (26 to 73) 37 (10 to 64) 0.009 Secondary outcomes Hemoglobin, g/dl 11.0 (1.1) 11.4 (1.1) 0.0 (−0.3 to 0.4) 0.3 (0.1 to 0.5) 0.3 (−0.1 to 0.2) 0.19 iFGF23, pg/ml 178 (102) 160 (290) −7 (−22 to 8) −37 (−74 to 0) −29 (−59 to 0.1) 0.05 cFGF23, RU/ml 437 (510) 291 (353) −104 (−219 to 11) −45 (−92 to 1) 61 (−58 to 181) 0.31 Hepcidin, pg/ml 87 (48) 82 (61) 21 (−8 to 49) 90 (30 to 150) 69 (8 to 130) 0.03 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; TSAT, transferrin saturation; iFGF23, intact fibroblast growth factor 23; cFGF23, C-terminal fibroblast growth factor 23.
- Table 3.
Number (proportion) of adverse events by randomization arm (reported in 10% or more in either group)
Adverse Event Ferric Citrate, n (%) Ferrous Sulfate, n (%) Total N 30 30 Weight loss 3 (10) 7 (24) Weight gain 5 (17) 8 (27) Fatigue 6 (20) 3 (10) Infection 5 (17) 1 (4) Eye pain 2 (7) 5 (17) Vision changes 4 (14) 1 (4) Nasal congestion 3 (10) 4 (14) Shortness of breath 2 (7) 5 (16) Cough 3 (10) 1 (4) Nausea 6 (20) 5 (16) Diarrhea 9 (30) 5 (16) Constipation 9 (30) 11 (36) Change in stool color 16 (53) 8 (27) Anorexia 2 (7) 8 (27) GERD 3 (10) 1 (4) Frequency 2 (7) 5 (16) Muscle pain 3 (10) 2 (7) Edema 0 4 (14) Headache 2 (7) 6 (20) Change smell/taste 3 (10) 2 (7) GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Supplemental Data
In this issue
Jump to section
More in this TOC Section
Original Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.