Empagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes across KDIGO Risk Categories

Proportions of patients by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) risk category in the overall trial population, showing that almost half of patients (47%) were in the low-risk category. The KDIGO “heat map” showing prognosis of CKD by GFR and albuminuria category is shown for reference (3). Of all treated patients, baseline eGFR and urine albumin-creatinine ratio measurements were available for 4635 patients on empagliflozin (98.9%) and 2317 patients on placebo (99.3%). Reprinted from ref. 3, with permission.

Forest plot showing that the risk reduction of cardiovascular outcomes with empagliflozin versus placebo is consistent across KDIGO risk categories. *Sixty-eight patients were excluded as the subgroup variable was missing. 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event; MI, myocardial infarction.

Forest plot showing that the risk reduction of kidney outcomes with empagliflozin versus placebo is consistent across KDIGO risk categories. Cox regression analysis in patients treated with one or more doses of study drug. *Sixty-eight patients were excluded as the subgroup variable was missing. ^†Accompanied by eGFR≤45 ml/min per 1.73 m². Macroalbuminuria: urine albumin-creatinine ratio >300 mg/g.

Empagliflozin consistently slowed the long-term annual decline in eGFR across all patient subgroups regardless of KDIGO risk category, as assessed by mean eGFR (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD]) slopes on the basis of random intercept/random coefficient models. Adjusted mean eGFR across subgroups of KDIGO risk category. Empa, empagliflozin.