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HIV-1 and HIV-Associated Nephropathy 25 Years Later

Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York

Address correspondence to: Dr. Christina Wyatt, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1243, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029. Phone: 212-241-6689; Fax: 212-987-0389; E-mail: christina.wyatt{at}mssm.edu

Twenty-five years after the first published description of AIDS, HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) remains an important cause of kidney disease in HIV-infected patients. The pathogenesis of HIVAN involves direct HIV infection of the kidney, with both viral and host genetic factors playing an important role. The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy has influenced the epidemiology of HIV-related kidney disease, and the nephrology community should support efforts to improve access to therapy and limit HIV transmission in susceptible minority populations. This article reviews the history of HIV and HIVAN, focusing on advances in the understanding of pathogenesis, epidemiology, and treatment.

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