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Published ahead of print on July 12, 2006
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1: 1054-1065, 2006
© 2006 American Society of Nephrology
doi: 10.2215/CJN.02231205
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In-Depth Reviews

Progression of Renal Disease: Renoprotective Specificity of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade

Karen A. Griffin, and Anil K. Bidani

Loyola University Medical Center and Hines VA Hospital, Maywood, Illinois

Address correspondence to: Dr. Karen A. Griffin, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153. Phone: 708-202-4120; Fax: 708-202-7978; kgriffi{at}lumc.edu

Recent guidelines for management of patients with chronic kidney disease recommend both lower optimal BP targets and agents that block the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) for specific additional BP-independent renoprotection. Although there are other compelling rationales to use RAS blockade in patients with chronic kidney disease, including its antihypertensive effectiveness and ability to counteract the adverse effects of diuretics, a critical review of the available scientific evidence suggests that the specificity of renoprotection that is provided by RAS blockade has been greatly overemphasized. Little evidence of truly BP-independent renoprotection is observed in experimental animal models when ambient BP is assessed adequately by chronic continuous BP radiotelemetry. Although the clinical trial evidence is somewhat stronger, nevertheless, even when interpreted favorably, the absolute magnitude of the BP-independent component of the renoprotection that is observed with RAS blockade is much smaller than what is due to its antihypertensive effects.




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